A lvl Chem

How do a particle’s charge and mass affect its angle of deflection?

Learn more about the electronic structure of the atom here.

Discover more about various trends in ionisation energy!

How are shapes of molecules determined? Find out here!

What makes a bond polar?

Learn more about buffers, calculations, pH and pKa here.

Discover more about buffers – both acidic and alkaline – here!

Learn more about Period 3, Group 2 and Group 17 here!

Learn to write and combine half-equations in neutral, acidic and basic conditions.

What are ideal gases and real gases? How do they differ?

How are different temperatures and activation energies represented on Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curves?

Learn more about zero, first, second & pseudo-first order reactions!

What are homogeneous catalysts, heterogeneous catalysts and autocatalysts?

How does a system at equilibrium respond to a change?

Learn more about reversible reactions here!

How can we construct energy level diagrams?

What’s the relationship between the change in Gibbs Free Energy and the spontaneity of a reaction?

How do σ & π bonds form in ethene?

Learn more about benzene and its delocalised π electrons!

How does the electrophilic addition of H-Br to ethene happen?

Find out more about how the Sn1 mechanism works!

How much do you know about the Sn2 mechanism? Is there a complete inversion of stereochemistry?

Discover how the E1 mechanism works here!

Which conformation (anti-periplanar, left, or syn-periplanar, right) is favoured by the E2 mechanism?